Supreme Court Revisits Aravalli Hills Protection Framework
In a significant development in environmental jurisprudence, the Supreme Court of India has stayed its earlier ruling concerning the Aravalli Hills and ordered the constitution of a new independent expert committee . The decision reflects judicial concern over ambiguity in defining the Aravalli range and the potential ecological fallout arising from mining activities in the region.
Why the Earlier Order Was Stayed
On December 29, 2025 , a Bench led by Justice Surya Kant , along with Justices J.K. Maheshwari and A.G. Masih , observed that the earlier definition of the Aravalli Hills—based largely on a committee dominated by bureaucratic members—had created confusion. The court noted apprehensions that a narrow or unclear definition could permit expanded mining, leading to irreversible environmental damage in a fragile ecosystem critical for climate regulation, groundwater recharge, and biodiversity conservation.
Fresh Independent Expert Committee
To address these concerns, the Supreme Court directed the formation of a new expert committee comprising independent, non-bureaucratic specialists . The committee has been tasked with reassessing the environmental impact of mining in the Aravalli region, examining the feasibility of regulated or sustainable mining, and providing a scientifically sound definition of “hills” and “mountain ranges”. Until the committee submits its report, both the earlier panel’s recommendations and the court’s previous directions will remain suspended.
Centre’s Position and Court’s Response
The Union government, represented by Solicitor General Tushar Mehta , defended the earlier process, stating that an expert committee had already been constituted and its report accepted by the court. However, the Bench held that an independent reassessment was essential to resolve ambiguities and uphold the precautionary principle in environmental protection.
Broader Environmental Significance
The order underscores the judiciary’s evolving approach towards science-based environmental governance and highlights the importance of clarity, independence, and expertise in decisions affecting ecologically sensitive regions like the Aravallis.
Important Facts for Exams
-
Aravalli Range is one of the world’s oldest mountain systems
-
Supreme Court applied the precautionary principle in environmental law
-
Mining in ecologically sensitive zones requires strict scrutiny
-
Independent expert committees strengthen judicial decision-making
Month: Current Affairs - December 30, 2025
Category: Environment & Ecology