2,000-Year-Old Buddhist Site Unearthed in Jammu and Kashmir’s Baramulla

Ancient Buddhist Centre Discovered in Baramulla

A major archaeological discovery in Jammu and Kashmir has brought renewed attention to the region’s largely overlooked Buddhist past . Excavations at Zehanpora village in Baramulla district have revealed the remains of a 2,000-year-old Buddhist site , dating back to the Kushan period . Prime Minister Narendra Modi described the find as a “proud moment,” saying it highlights Kashmir’s deep civilisational and cultural legacy.

Excavation and Scientific Surveys

The discovery followed systematic archaeological excavation and surface surveys of what initially appeared to be ordinary earthen mounds. Drone-based mapping confirmed that the mounds were artificial structures rather than natural formations. Excavators uncovered stupas, monastic cells, and building foundations , indicating the presence of an organised Buddhist establishment with religious and residential functions.

Kushan-Era Links and Gandharan Influence

Archaeologists believe the site may have been connected to Huvishkapura , the historically referenced but still-unidentified Kushan capital in Kashmir. Architectural elements of the stupas and monasteries closely resemble Gandharan Buddhist designs , suggesting strong cultural and artistic exchange between Kashmir and north-western regions under Kushan rule.

Trade Routes and Cultural Exchange

Zehanpora lies along an ancient trade and pilgrimage corridor linking Gandhara with the Kashmir Valley. This strategic location would have enabled the movement of monks, traders, and ideas, reinforcing Kashmir’s role as a cultural crossroads in ancient South Asia. The excavation was jointly undertaken by the Department of Archives, Archaeology and Museums, J&K , and the University of Kashmir .

Rediscovery Through Historical Clues

In his radio programme “Man Ki Baat” , the Prime Minister noted that rare photographs of Buddhist stupas preserved in a French museum helped researchers reconnect historical references with the physical site. Officials say the find adds a new layer to Kashmir’s history and may reshape narratives about its ancient religious diversity.

Important Facts for Exams

• Kushan rulers were major patrons of Buddhism

• Gandharan architecture influenced early Buddhist structures

• Kashmir lay on ancient trade routes linking Central Asia and India

• Stupas and monasteries indicate organised Buddhist monastic life