Israel Becomes First Country to Officially Recognise Somaliland

Israel Recognises Somaliland as an Independent State

Israel has formally recognised the Republic of Somaliland as an independent country, becoming the first nation to extend official recognition more than three decades after Somaliland declared separation from Somalia. The move represents a landmark geopolitical development in the Horn of Africa and signals a new phase in Israel’s engagement with unrecognised and partially recognised entities.

Formal Declaration and Political Significance

The recognition declaration was signed by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Foreign Minister Gideon Sa’ar , while Somaliland President Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi signed on behalf of his country. Netanyahu described the step as “historic and seminal”, announcing the establishment of full diplomatic relations. Israel and Somaliland have agreed to open embassies and appoint ambassadors, institutionalising bilateral ties.

Somaliland’s Long Road to Recognition

Somaliland briefly gained independence in 1960 and was recognised by Israel and 34 other countries before voluntarily merging with Somalia. Following the collapse of Somalia’s central authority, Somaliland re-declared independence in 1991 . Despite functioning with its own government, constitution, currency and democratic elections , it remained internationally unrecognised. Several countries have operated liaison offices in Hargeisa but stopped short of formal recognition.

Strategic and Diplomatic Implications

Netanyahu conveyed Israel’s interest in cooperation with Somaliland in agriculture, economic development and social sectors . He also invited President Abdullahi for an official visit and said he would raise Somaliland’s interest in joining the Abraham Accords with US President Donald Trump . Somaliland welcomed the proposal, indicating readiness for deeper international engagement.

Regional Impact and Broader Context

Foreign Minister Sa’ar confirmed the diplomatic infrastructure plans, while Israel acknowledged the role of its security and diplomatic establishment in facilitating the move. The decision is expected to influence regional geopolitics in East Africa and the Middle East , and may reignite debates on state recognition norms and self-determination in international law.

Important Facts for Exams

• Somaliland declared independence in 1991

• Israel is the first country to officially recognise Somaliland

• Somaliland has its own government, currency and elections

• Abraham Accords promote normalisation between Israel and Arab states