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Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary Declared Eco-Sensitive Zone in Uttar Pradesh

January 02, 2026

ESZ Notification and Conservation Intent

In a significant step for wetland protection in northern India, the Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary in Uttar Pradesh has been notified as an Eco-Sensitive Zone (ESZ) . The decision was announced by the Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change , with Minister of State Kirti Vardhan Singh emphasising the need to safeguard fragile ecosystems while enabling sustainable development. The ESZ designation introduces regulatory oversight on activities surrounding the sanctuary, reducing ecological stress from unplanned construction, pollution, and land-use change.

Ecological Profile of the Sanctuary

Located in Gonda district , the sanctuary covers around 1,084 hectares and represents a classic Indo-Gangetic floodplain wetland system . It consists of two permanent oxbow lakes— Parvati Lake and Arga Lake —formed from abandoned river channels. These wetlands play a crucial role in groundwater recharge , flood moderation , and local climate regulation , making them vital natural assets for the region.

Biodiversity and Global Recognition

Parvati–Arga serves as an important wintering and stopover site for migratory birds arriving from Central Asia and the Tibetan plateau . Its international ecological value is recognised through its designation as a Ramsar Site . The wetland also supports threatened vulture species, including the white-rumped vulture , Indian vulture , and the endangered Egyptian vulture . Despite its richness, the ecosystem faces challenges from invasive plants such as water hyacinth , which disrupt aquatic habitats.

Role of the Eco-Sensitive Zone

Eco-Sensitive Zones act as buffer areas between protected habitats and human settlements. For Parvati–Arga, the ESZ will regulate construction, restrict polluting industries, and guide land-use practices. These measures aim to protect wetland hydrology and avian habitats while still allowing livelihood activities and responsible ecotourism , ensuring long-term ecological sustainability.

Important Facts for Exams

  • Eco-Sensitive Zones are notified by the MoEFCC

  • Parvati–Arga Bird Sanctuary lies in Gonda district, Uttar Pradesh

  • The site is recognised under the Ramsar Convention

  • ESZs may extend up to 10 km from protected area boundaries

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