🌎 Continents and Countries

1. Which continent is known as the “Dark Continent”?
   A) Asia
   B) Africa
   C) South America
   D) Australia
   Answer: B) Africa
   Explanation: Africa was once called the “Dark Continent” because of its unexplored interior regions during European colonization.

👨‍👩‍👧‍👦 Population Geography

1. According to the 2011 Census, India’s population density was approximately:
   A) 324 persons/sq km
   B) 382 persons/sq km
   C) 412 persons/sq km
   D) 450 persons/sq km
   Answer: B) 382 persons/sq km
   Explanation: The 2011 Census recorded India’s population density at 382 people per square kilometre, with Bihar being the most densely populated state.

🌊 Rivers of India

1. The Ganga River originates from which glacier?
   A) Pindari Glacier
   B) Gangotri Glacier
   C) Siachen Glacier
   D) Zemu Glacier
   Answer: B) Gangotri Glacier
   Explanation: The Ganga originates as the Bhagirathi from the Gangotri Glacier in Uttarakhand; it later joins the Alaknanda to form the Ganga at Devprayag.

1. Which of the following landforms is primarily shaped by erosional work of wind in a desert region?
a) Bajada
b) Alluvial Fan
c) Inselberg
d) Barchan

Answer: d) Barchan
Explanation: A Barchan is a crescent-shaped sand dune formed by the wind's erosional and depositional action. An inselberg (c) is a steep-sided residual hill, but it's formed more by deep weathering and erosion of surrounding rock, not specifically by wind. A bajada (a) and an alluvial fan (b) are depositional landforms created by water in arid environments.

1. The constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions was granted by which amendment to the Indian Constitution?
a) 71st Amendment Act
b) 73rd Amendment Act
c) 74th Amendment Act
d) 76th Amendment Act

Answer: b) 73rd Amendment Act, 1992

Explanation: The 73rd Amendment Act, 1992, is a landmark in Indian governance as it gave constitutional status to Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs). It added a new Part IX to the Constitution, containing provisions for the devolution of powers and responsibilities to these local self-government bodies at the village, intermediate, and district levels.