1. The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on:
a) 26th January 1950
b) 26th November 1949
c) 15th August 1947
d) 26th January 1949
Answer: b) 26th November 1949
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution of India on November 26, 1949. However, it came into full effect on January 26, 1950, which is celebrated as Republic Day. This date (Jan 26) was chosen to honour the "Purna Swaraj" declaration of independence made by the Indian National Congress in 1930.
2. Which part of the Indian Constitution is often referred to as its 'conscience'?
a) Part IV (Directive Principles)
b) Part IV-A (Fundamental Duties)
c) Part III (Fundamental Rights)
d) Preamble
Answer: c) Part III (Fundamental Rights)
Explanation: Part III (Articles 12-35) containing the Fundamental Rights is often called the conscience of the Constitution because these rights are justiciable and protect individuals from arbitrary state action. They are essential for the development of an individual's personality and are guaranteed and enforced by the courts.
3. The Fundamental Right that prohibits human trafficking and forced labour is:
a) Right to Equality
b) Right against Exploitation
c) Right to Freedom
d) Right to Constitutional Remedies
Answer: b) Right against Exploitation
Explanation: Article 23 of the Constitution, under the Right against Exploitation, explicitly prohibits human trafficking, begar (forced labour without payment), and other similar forms of forced labour. Any contravention of this provision is an offence punishable by law.
4. Which of the following is NOT a Fundamental Right?
a) Right to Property
b) Right to Freedom of Religion
c) Right to Equality
d) Cultural and Educational Rights
Answer: a) Right to Property
Explanation: The Right to Property was originally a Fundamental Right under Article 31. However, it was removed by the 44th Amendment Act, 1978. It is now a constitutional right under Article 300A, meaning no person can be deprived of their property except by authority of law, but it is not enforceable as a Fundamental Right.
5. The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are:
a) Justiciable and enforceable in a court of law.
b) Non-justiciable but fundamental in the governance of the country.
c) Justiciable only on the order of the President.
d) Applicable only to Union Territories.
Answer: b) Non-justiciable but fundamental in the governance of the country.
Explanation: As per Article 37, the Directive Principles are not enforceable by any court. However, they are fundamental in the governance of the country, and it is the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws. They serve as a guide for the government to establish a just society.
6. The idea of Fundamental Duties in the Indian