Indian Polity MCQ 2025

Answer: d) Article 50

Explanation:  Article 50 directs the State to take steps to separate the judiciary from the executive in the public services of the State. This is essential to ensure the independence and impartiality of the judiciary, a key feature of a democratic state.

12. The 'Harmonious Construction' doctrine in the Indian Constitution is primarily related to:
a) The relationship between the President and the Prime Minister.
b) The balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.
c) The division of power between the Centre and States.
d) The appointment of Judges.

Answer: b) The balance between Fundamental Rights and Directive Principles.

Explanation:  Since Fundamental Rights are justiciable and DPSPs are not, conflicts between them often arose. The judiciary evolved the doctrine of 'Harmonious Construction,' which states that neither has supremacy over the other. The courts should try to interpret them in a way that they complement each other, and if possible, give effect to both.

13. Which of the following Fundamental Duties was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act in 2002?
a) To uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India.
b) To value and preserve the rich heritage of our composite culture.
c) To provide opportunities for education to a child between 6 and 14 years.
d) To protect and improve the natural environment.

Answer: c) To provide opportunities for education to a child between 6 and 14 years.

Explanation:  The 86th Amendment Act not only added Article 21A (Right to Education) but also added a corresponding Fundamental Duty under Article 51A(k). It states that it is the duty of every citizen who is a parent or guardian "to provide opportunities for education to his child or, as the case may be, ward between the age of six and fourteen years."