Nepal and China have started the fourth round of their collaborative military exercise, Sagarmatha Friendship-2025, in Kathmandu involving the Nepali Army and the People’s Liberation Army (PLA). The drill, which is scheduled to last until 16 September 2025, is aimed at enhancing collaboration in counter-terrorism, managing disasters, and maintaining peace by the United Nations. The biennial exercise, the first one was held in 2017, is a deliberation between Nepal and China, and the reflection of the gradual development of military and strategic relations between the two neighbours.

The Environment Audit Rules 2025 is a reform change proposed by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) to enhance compliance, transparency and accountability in environmental management. The new structure proposes the involvement of new accredited environment auditors to play with the existing regulators in closing the gaps created by manpower, shortage of resources.

The Himalaya Hindu Kush (HKH) is a region with a huge potential of renewable energy covering eight countries, namely, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan. However, an analysis by the International Centre of Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), released at the Asia-Pacific Clean Energy Week 2025 in Bangkok shows that only a small portion of these resources are in use.

The Ministry of Defence of India has published a 15-year plan, Technology Perspective and Capability Roadmap (TPCR-2025), which reflects a 20-40 year outlook on the technology of the armed forces. The roadmap identifies nuclear resilience, drone warfare, and electronic warfare as key pillars and strengthens the Indian drive towards defence self-reliance.

The Indian Rail is the first railroad to test a hydrogen-powered train developed at the Integral Coach Factory in Chennai. The train will be operating on the route of Jind-Sonipat in Haryana, it will be a milestone in moving India towards green mobility. This project connects with the National Green Hydrogen Mission to produce five million metric tonnes of green hydrogen per year by 2030 toward the net zero goal of India by 2070.