Recent research has found out that invasive plants and animals have cost the global economy more than 2.2 trillion dollars since 1960, which is 16 times more than earlier estimates. Based on the InvaCost database, the study points to the huge financial cost as well as the long-standing underreporting of costs, particularly in such nations as India.

One of the firsts in our galaxy is a quadruple star system named UPM J1040-3551 AabBab. The system has two young red dwarf stars and is matched by two cold brown dwarfs giving a hierarchical arrangement that is not common.

The second step in the government legal reforms is the Jan Vishwas (Amendment of Provisions) Bill, 2025, that is being proposed in the Lok Sabha. The bill will decriminalize minor offenses, rationalize punishment, and ease implementation of 16 central acts of law, based on the 2023 Jan Vishwas Act. The purpose is to ease the judicial load, enhance the ease of doing business, and create a governance system that is founded on trust, not on fear.

The Supreme Court has recently reviewed the powers of discretion of governors in Article 200 with concerns concerning delays in giving assent to state bills. The problem has brought back the discussion on the proportion of powers between the center, states, and judiciary.

Empowering Tribal Change Leaders

In 2025, the Ministry of Tribal Affairs inaugurated the Adi Karmayogi Initiative, which will develop a group of 20 lakh change leaders within tribal villages under the Dharti Aba Janjatiya Gram Utkarsh Abhiyaan. The programme is aimed at the last-mile provision of welfare schemes, participatory problem-solving, and motivation of officials and community members.