In September 2025, the leaders of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) made a vigorous joint statement denouncing all types of terrorism in their summit in Tianjin. It was also the first time that the statement directly mentioned the April 22 terror attack in Pahalgam, Jammu and Kashmir that resulted in the loss of 26 lives. The latter marks the continuation of the Indian diplomatic offensive and indicates a certain shift in the Chinese attitude to terrorism-related matters concerning India and Pakistan.

The Matanomadh village of Gujarat’s Kutch district has been designated as an important terrestrial analogue site to Mars following a study, that recorded detection of jarosite, a mineral indicative of water-soaked past, in the region. This is 55 million years old, which is not only increasing our understanding of the Earth and its geology, but also boosting planetary science research in India with a direct impact on our Mars mission Mangalyaan-2 by ISRO in the future.”

In 2025, to mark its 65th Foundation Day, the National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) launched several digital transformation, early childhood education, and inclusivity-based initiatives. This is in line with the National Education Policy (NEP) 2020, which focuses on equitable and modernised learning.

The Institute of Economics and Peace has released the Global Peace Index (GPI) 2025, which determines how nations are performing concerning aspects of peace, governance, social trust and security. The report presents a rather balanced picture as, on the one hand, certain countries are still building stronger stability; on the other hand, some countries face internal and regional issues.

CEREBO is a brand new hand-held gadget that is used to identify traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) in a safe way and fast. Developed by research institutes in India, it provides a low-cost, non-invasive, and portable alternative to CT and MRI scanning, and seeks to enhance early diagnosis and treatment, especially in resource-restricted and emergency triage.