Headline: Top-10 Weakest Passports of the World by October 2025.

• Key Points:
• Overview:
  • The Henley Passport Index (as of July 2025) ranks the countries in terms of the amount of destinations that their citizens can visit without a visa in advance.
  • The less powerful a passport, the less the number of countries that its owners will be able to travel visa free or visa on arrival.

Key Points:

• Announcement: Brazilian President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva announced a strategic alliance with India to boost trade, technology, and bilateral cooperation. The announcement follows Brazilian Vice President Geraldo Alckmin’s recent visit to India.

1. Summary of the Discovery

• Recent satellite data analysis has revealed that the Taftan volcano in southeastern Iran, previously classified as extinct, is showing clear signs of renewed activity. Ground deformation measurements indicate the summit area rose by 9 centimetres between July 2023 and May 2024, prompting scientists to reclassify Taftan as a dormant volcano. This finding underscores the need for enhanced monitoring of volcanoes once considered inactive.

Key Points:

• Mission Overview:

  • PUNCH (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) launched by NASA in 2025.

  • Focuses on visualizing the Sun’s corona and solar wind as a connected system.

  • Uses advanced imaging to capture solar wind behavior as it moves away from the Sun.

1. Summary of the Event

• The Union Minister of Finance and Corporate Affairs, Smt. Nirmala Sitharaman, recently held an interactive session with over 60 interns of the Prime Minister Internship Scheme (PMIS) in Hampi, Karnataka. The meeting highlighted the scheme's significant role in empowering youth by providing them with crucial industry exposure and enhancing their employability.