As part of Paris Agreement carbon emissions trading, India has established a National Designated Authority (NDA) to regulate the trading. It is announced following the completion of Article 6 at COP29 in Baku (November 2024), and is a significant advancement towards an effective carbon market to help India meet its climate obligations.

India's Shield Against Aerial Threats

India has revealed the Sudarshan Chakra mission, an Indian multi-layered air defence solution to protect strategic, civilian and national assets against aerial attacks by enemies. The project is a significant measure to gain independence in defence technology and at the same time, maintain sound national security.

The artificial intelligence (AI) governance is an essential point on the agenda of the 2025 visit to China by Prime Minister Narendra Modi during the SCO Summit in Tianjin, as it became a turning point in the relations between India and China. Nevertheless, the relations between the two countries have been strained, but now both countries view AI as a place where they can cooperate to benefit each other and enhance the voice of the Global South.

China has also in principle agreed to revive the historic Shipki-La trade route, in Himachal Pradesh. It will be a welcome move in India-China relations as the decision was made following negotiations held between the two nations as Chinese foreign minister Wang Yi paid an official visit to India. The relocation is one of the continued acts to restart the trading activities at all the three agreed borders.

In an important move towards gender inclusion in India security set-up, the Central Industrial Security Force (CISF) has formed its first women commando platoon in 2025. The unit of 30 personnel is in the middle of an intensive eight weeks training period at the Regional Training Centre in Barwaha, Madhya Pradesh.