• Ahead of the 11th Session of the Governing Body of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) in Lima, Peru (November 24–29, 2025), a group of Indian scientists has urged the government to take a strong stance to protect India’s farmers’ rights and national sovereignty over genetic resources.

• In a major counter-terror operation, the Haryana Police have seized over 2,900 kilograms of ammonium nitrate and other explosive-making materials from two houses in Faridabad. The recovery included an assault rifle, multiple explosive timers, and a large cache of ammunition. The seizure has triggered national security alerts as ammonium nitrate, though commonly used as a fertiliser, can be turned into a powerful explosive under certain conditions.

• A new study based on James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) data has challenged long-standing assumptions about sub-Neptunes, the most common class of exoplanets found in our galaxy. Once thought to host global magma oceans beneath thick hydrogen-rich atmospheres, new modelling now suggests that many of these worlds may actually possess solid rocky interiors.

The 30th United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP30) officially commenced in Belém, Brazil, bringing together heads of state, scientists, business leaders, and environmental advocates from over 190 countries. Scheduled from November 10 to 21, 2025, the summit seeks to accelerate global cooperation on tackling climate change, rising global temperatures, and environmental degradation, marking a pivotal moment in the world’s climate action journey.

• The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) has launched the Integrity Matters Checklist, a United Nations-backed framework aimed at strengthening corporate accountability and transparency in climate action. The tool is designed to help companies align their sustainability reporting and climate commitments with UN-endorsed standards for credible net-zero targets and transition plans, reinforcing the private sector’s role in achieving the Paris Agreement and the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.