• Top Supplier Status: Russia continued to be the biggest supplier of crude oil in India in September 2025.
• Market Share: The Russian imports comprised 34 percent (approximately a third) of the total crude oil imports in India.

1. Objective:

• To legalise houses constructed on government and community land and give the long-term occupants ownership rights.

1. Official Announcement:

• The Union Cabinet gave a nod to a national celebration to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the national song, the "Vande Mataram."

Inauguration & Overview

• Bihar Chief Minister Nitish Kumar inaugurated the first phase of Patna Metro, a milestone for the state’s urban transport.

• Phase 1 – Priority Corridor:

  • Length: 3.6 km (elevated)

  • Route: New Pataliputra Bus Terminal (ISBT) → Zero Mile → Bhootnath Station

• Public rides start: 7 October 2025

1. Historic Inauguration

• Arunachal Pradesh in reality became a coal-producing state.
• The earliest commercial coal mine at Namchik-Namphuk district Changlang was opened.
• Organized by Union Minister G. Kishan Reddy and Chief Minister Pema Khandu.